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Gramme-Ring Armature There are two general kinds of armatures: the ring and the drum. Figure 10-266 shows a ring-type armature made up of an iron core, an eight-section winding, and an eight-segment commutator. The disadvantage of this arrangement is that the windings, located on the inner side of the iron ring, cut few lines of flux. As a result, they have very little voltage induced in them. For this reason, the Gramme-ring armature is not widely used.
Drum-Type Armature A drum-type armature is shown in Figure 10-267. The armature core is in the shape of a drum and has slots cut into it where the armature windings are placed. The advantage is that each winding completely surrounds the core so that the entire length of the conductor cuts through the magnetic flux. The total induced voltage in this arrangement is far greater than that of the Grammering type armature.
Drum-type armatures are usually constructed in one of two methods, each method having its own advantage. The two types of winding methods are the lap winding and the wave winding. Lap windings are used in generators that are designed for high current. The windings are connected in parallel paths and for this reason require several brushes. The wave winding is used in generators that are designed for high voltage outputs. The two ends of each coil are connected to commutator segments separated by the distance between poles. This results in a series arrangement of the coils and is additive of all the induced voltages. |
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