Where control responsibility within Canadian airspace has been formally delegated to the FAA by the Transport Canada Aviation Group, apply basic FAA procedures except for the Canadian procedures contained in this Chapter.
NOTE -
In 1985, the United States and Canada established an agreement recognizing
the inherent safety of the ATC procedures exercised by the other country.
This agreement permits the use of ATC procedures of one country when that
country is exercising ATC in the airspace over the territory of the other
country insofar as they are not inconsistent with, or repugnant to, the
laws and regulations or unique operational requirements of the country
over whose territory such airspace is located. Accordingly, this Chapter
was revised to include only those Canadian procedures that must be used
because of a Canadian regulatory or unique operational requirement.
12-1-2 Airspace Classification
a. Class A Airspace - Controlled airspace within which only IFR
flights are permitted. Airspace designated from the base of all controlled
high level airspace up to and including FL600.
b. Class B Airspace - Controlled airspace within which only IFR
and Controlled VFR (CVFR) flights are permitted. Includes all controlled
low level airspace above 12,500 feet ASL or at and above the minimum en
route IFR altitude, (whichever is higher) up to but not including 18,000
feet ASL. ATC procedures pertinent to IFR flights shall be applied to CVFR
aircraft.
NOTE -
The CVFR pilot is responsible to maintain VFR flight and visual reference
to the ground at all times.
c. Class C Airspace - Controlled airspace within which both IFR
and VFR flights are permitted, but VFR flights require a clearance from
ATC to enter.
d. Class D Airspace - Controlled airspace within which both IFR
and VFR flights are permitted, but VFR flights do not require a clearance
from ATC to enter, however, they must establish two-way communications
with the appropriate ATC agency prior to entering the airspace.
e. Class E Airspace - Airspace within which both IFR and VFR
flights are permitted, but for VFR flight there are no special requirements.
f. Class F Airspace - Airspace of defined dimensions within which
activities must be confined because of their nature, or within which limitations
are imposed upon aircraft operations that are not a part of those activities,
or both. Special use airspace may be classified as Class F advisory or
Class F restricted.
g. Class G Airspace - Uncontrolled airspace within which ATC
has neither the authority or responsibility for exercising control over
air traffic.
Clear an aircraft to maintain "at least 1,000 feet on top" in
lieu of "VFR on top," provided:
a. The pilot requests it.
NOTE -
It is the pilot's responsibility to ensure that the requested operation
can be conducted at least 1000 feet above all cloud, haze, smoke, or other
formation, with a flight visibility of 3 miles or more. A pilot's request
can be considered as confirmation that conditions are adequate.
b. The pilot will not operate within Class A or Class B airspace.
Apply a lateral, longitudinal, or vertical separation minimum between aircraft operating in accordance with an IFR or CVFR clearance regardless of the weather conditions.
12-1-5 Departure Clearance/Communication Failure
a. Base controller action regarding radio failures in Canadian Airspace on the requirement for pilots to comply with Canadian Airspace Regulations, which are similar to FAR 91.185; however, the following major difference shall be considered when planning control actions. Except when issued alternate radio failure instructions by ATC, pilots will adhere to the following: if flying a turbine powered (turboprop or turbojet) aircraft and cleared on departure to a point other than the destination, proceed to the destination airport in accordance with the flight plan, maintaining the last assigned altitude or flight level or the minimum en route IFR altitude, whichever is higher, until 10 minutes beyond the point specified in the clearance (clearance limit), and then proceed at altitude/s or flight level/s filed in the flight plan. When the aircraft will enter United States' airspace within 10 minutes after passing the clearance limit, the climb to the flight planned border crossing altitude is to be commenced at the estimated time of crossing the Canadian/United States boundary.
Do not authorize parachute jumping without prior permission from the appropriate Canadian authority.
NOTE -
Canadian regulations require written authority from the Ministry of
Transport.
NOTE -
Pilots do not have to be IFR qualified to fly SVFR at night, nor does
the aircraft have to be equipped for IFR flight.
a. Within a control zone where there is an airport controller
on duty, approve or refuse a tower's request for SVFR on the basis of current
or anticipated IFR traffic only. If approved, specify the period of time
during which SVFR flight is permitted.
b. Within a control zone where there is no airport controller
on duty, authorize or refuse an aircraft's request for SVFR on the basis
of:
1. Current or anticipated IFR traffic, and
2. Official ceiling and visibility reports.
c. Canadian SVFR weather minimums for:
1. Aircraft other than helicopters - flight visibility (ground
visibility when reported 1 mile.
2. Helicopters - Flight visibility (ground visibility when available)
1/2 mile.