In introducing the basic flight maneuvers, it is recommended that the "Integrated Flight Instruction" method be used. This means that each flight maneuver should be performed by using both outside visual references and the flight instruments.
   When pilots use this technique, they achieve a more precise and competent overall piloting ability. That is, it results in less difficulty in holding desired altitudes, controlling airspeed during takeoffs, climbs, descents, and landing approaches, and in maintaining headings in the traffic pattern, as well as on cross-country flights.

   The use of integrated flight instruction does not, and is not intended to, prepare pilots for flight in instrument weather conditions. It does, however, provide an excellent foundation for the future attainment of an instrument pilot rating, and will result in the pilot becoming a more accurate, competent, and safe pilot. Although integrated flight instruction should be used for all flight maneuvers, its use is specifically discussed here in only the Basic Flight Maneuvers.

   A sharp lookout for other aircraft must be maintained at all times, particularly when using instrument references, to avoid the possibility of collision with other aircraft. Frequently, other aircraft are unnoticed until they suddenly appear within the limited area of the pilot's vision. Consequently, it is imperative that the pilot not only divide attention between controlling the airplane by outside visual references and flight instruments, but also be observant of other aircraft.