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| The Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 | ||||
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In 1938, the Civil Aeronautics Act transferred federal responsibilities for non-military aviation from the Bureau of Air Commerce to a new, independent agency, the Civil Aeronautics Authority. The legislation also gave the authority the power to regulate airline fares and to determine the routes that air carriers would serve. The Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938 was responsible for creating the Civil Aeronautics Board and the Civil Aeronautics Administration. The Civil Aeronautics Board was responsible for issuing and overseeing aircraft and pilot certification and suspension. In addition, this Act issued air carrier route certificates and regulated airline fares. It was also responsible for investigating aircraft accidents. |
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The Civil Aeronautics Administration was responsible for aviation regulations, airways, navigational facilities, control towers and responsible for compliance of aviation regulations. In 1940, President Franklin Roosevelt split the authority into two agencies, the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) and the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB). The CAA was responsible for air traffic control, safety programs, and airway development. The CAB was entrusted with safety rulemaking, accident investigation, and economic regulation of the airlines. Although both organizations were part of the Department of Commerce, the CAB functioned independently. When a Douglas DC-3A crashed shortly after departing Washington DC on August 31, 1940 the CAB had their first major investigation, that of the Lovettsville Air Disaster set the pattern for subsequent accident investigations. In 1942, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt appointed L. Welch Pogue as Chairman of the Civil Aeronautics Board. Pogue served as Chairman until 1946. During his tenure he helped strike down a plan for a single world airline. |
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